PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal
type: channel
description: PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal Volume 1 Issue No. 1 E-ISSN: 3116-3432 | P-ISSN: 3116-3424 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The publication of research papers in the PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal is a rigorous process that ensures the dissemination of high-quality, peer-reviewed academic work within the PCU community is published bi-annual by: <p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.785rem; margin: 1.43rem 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Serif', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">EDUHEART KNOWLEDGE NETWORK and PUBLISHING, INC. <p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.785rem; margin: 1.43rem 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Serif', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-sp…
publisher: EduHeart Knowledge Network and Publishing, Inc.
language: en
publication name: PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal
issn: 3116-3424
items: Exploring The Flexibility of Coconut Husk Fibers as Cement Reinforcement
items: Antas ng Kahusayan sa Asignaturang Filipino at Ebalwasyon ng mga Mag-aaral sa mga Guro sa Filipino Tungo sa Programang Pagpapaunlad
items: Towards Leveling Up in The Euclidean Algorithm: Evidence from Third Year Students
items: Perceived Health Status of Hemodialysis Patients in Makati City: Basis for Patient-Centered Health Management Program
items: Cytotoxicity test of Betel extract using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay
items: Hypoglycemic effects of Salvia officinalis L. Stem Extract in Dexamethasone-Induced Albino Rats
items: Teaching effectiveness of Police Instructors on Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE): Basis for Capability Enhancement Action Plan
items: Acaricidal Activity of Lantana Camara Linn (Yellow Sage) Flower Extract Against Rhipicephalus Sanguineus (Dog Tick): Towards Effective Insecticidal Organic Extract
items: Developing Mobilization Aid and Safety Application (Masa): A Mobile Application for Emergency Delays and Incident Reporting in Manila
items: Students’ Participation Assessment in the International Coastal Cleanup: Basis for a Sustainable Environmental Program

Exploring The Flexibility of Coconut Husk Fibers as Cement Reinforcement
type: item
description: Coconut husks, the fibrous outer layer of the coconut fruit, have long been recognized for their versatility, finding application in industries such as paper production, arts, and even construction. This research delves into an innovative use of coconut husk fibers as a potential reinforcing material in cement blocks, aiming to explore their influence on the material’s durability. The study specifically focuses on the impact of incorporating processed coconut husk fibers into cement mixtures and the subsequent effect on the compressive strength of the resulting blocks. Through a controlled experiment, coconut husks were processed and mixed with cement to form reinforced blocks, which were then allowed to solidify for 24 hours. Following this, durability testing was conducted at TcT Terms Pasig, where the compressive strength of the coconut husk-reinforced cement was measured. The results revealed a significant improvement in the durability of the fiber-reinforced cement blocks, with the experimental group able to withstand up to 36.3kN of pressure, in contrast to the control group, which withstood only 30.40kN. This suggests that the incorporation of coconut husk fibers can effectively enhance the structural integrity of cement-based materials, offering a promising alternative to traditional reinforcement materials commonly used in construction. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential for coconut husks, an abundant agricultural byproduct in regions like the Philippines, to provide a sustainable and cost-effective solution for reinforcing cement, particularly in areas where conventional reinforcement materials may be scarce or expensive. The findings pave the way for future investigations, suggesting that further experimentation could unlock even greater potential for coconut husk-reinforced cement, possibly through optimizing fiber concentration, improving processing methods, and exploring long-term durability under varying environmental conditions. The stud…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Coconut husk fibers, Cement reinforcement, Compressive strength, Natural fiber reinforcement
  topic: keywords
creator: C.I. Pagatpatan
creator: L. A. Gatdula
creator: J Salmagrende
creator: E. G. Isaac
creator: D. Tambo-on
creator: A. I. Espinosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 79
ending page: 83

Antas ng Kahusayan sa Asignaturang Filipino at Ebalwasyon ng mga Mag-aaral sa mga Guro sa Filipino Tungo sa Programang Pagpapaunlad
type: item
description: Ang pag-aaral na ito ay isang masusing pagsusuri sa kakayahan at kahusayan ng mga guro sa pagtuturo ng asignaturang Filipino. Nakasalalay sa mga guro ang kaalaman na ibabahagi sa kanilang mga mag-aaral, kaya naman mahalagang tukuyin ang kanilang mga antas ng kasanayan. Ang pag-aaral ay nakatuon sa pambansang isyu ukol sa kakayahan ng mga guro sa pagtuturo ng Filipino at layunin nitong matukoy ang mga aspeto ng kanilang pagtuturo na nangangailangan ng pagpapabuti, upang mapabuti ang kalidad ng edukasyon sa asignaturang ito. Gumamit ang mananaliksik ng metodolohiyang sarbey na naglalaman ng mga tanong hinggil sa kasanayan sa wika, mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo, at mga opinyon ng mga mag-aaral tungkol sa kakayahan ng kanilang mga guro. Ang mga tanong ay nakatuon sa mga pangunahing bahagi ng pagtuturo, kabilang ang pag-unawa sa pagbabasa, istruktura ng wika, at pagsulat. Layunin ng pag-aaral na suriin ang ugnayan ng kahusayan ng mga guro sa akademikong pagganap ng mga estudyante sa Filipino at tukuyin kung mayroong makabuluhang relasyon sa pagitan ng dalawang baryabol. Isang mahalagang aspeto ng pag-aaral ay ang pagbibigay-diin sa wikang Filipino bilang pangunahing wika ng komunikasyon sa Pilipinas. Ang pag-aaral na ito ay hindi lamang nakatuon sa akademikong konteksto kundi pati na rin sa sosyolinggwistikong aspeto, kung saan ang wastong paggamit ng wikang Filipino ay mahalaga sa paghubog ng pagkatao ng mga estudyante. Ang mga resulta ng pag-aaral ay nagbigay-diin sa mga pangunahing lugar na nangangailangan ng interbensyon, tulad ng mas maayos na estratehiya sa pagtuturo at mas mataas na antas ng pagsasanay para sa mga guro. Ang mga rekomendasyon mula sa pag-aaral ay nakatuon sa pagbuo ng mga programa sa pag-unlad para sa mga guro. Kabilang dito ang mga workshop at seminar na magbibigay ng mas mataas na antas ng pagsasanay sa mga guro upang mapabuti ang kanilang kasanayan sa pagtuturo. Ang pagpapalakas ng kurikulum sa Filipino ay isa ring layunin, na naglalayong magbiga…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sosyolingwistiko, Wika, Edukasyon, at Filipino
  topic: keywords
creator: Jewel Pascual
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 74
ending page: 78

Towards Leveling Up in The Euclidean Algorithm: Evidence from Third Year Students
type: item
description: The Euclidean algorithm is a fundamental mathematical procedure for finding the greatest common divisor of two integers. Yet research shows students often struggle to apply the algorithm accurately and efficiently. This research investigates the leveling-up plan in Number Theory, focusing on the Euclidean Algorithm. The study employs a descriptive research method and utilizes a purposive sampling technique. The researcher-designed instrument demonstrates high reliability, with a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.897. The key objective includes assessing and evaluating the extent of the students’ performance in the Euclidean Algorithm. Results indicate a statistically significant difference to a great extent in the students’ performance in Number Theory, focusing on the Euclidean Algorithm. This discovery is significant because the performance of the students will be improved in problem-solving using the Euclidean Algorithm. In light of these findings, recommendations are proposed. It is suggested that students should be trained to solve problems independently to improve their ability to overcome difficulties and master the Euclidean algorithm. Moreover, teachers should intervene to educate students on using mental processes properly and recognize student errors and misconceptions in order to develop effective, modern, and inclusive math instruction on the Euclidean algorithm. Additionally, future research could further explore instructional techniques targeting specific student misconceptions, as well as factors impacting student performance with the Euclidean algorithm. Finally, full implementation of Project LEARN: Leveling up plan towards Euclidean Algorithm Recursive Numeric to help students gain conceptual understanding, procedural skills, and computational fluency with the Euclidean algorithm.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Education; Euclidean Algorithm; Mathematics; Number Theory; Teaching and Learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Romelyn Saul
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 67
ending page: 73

Perceived Health Status of Hemodialysis Patients in Makati City: Basis for Patient-Centered Health Management Program
type: item
description: Perceived Health Status reflects the overall perception of their health, including physical, psychological, emotional, and social dimensions. Watson’s model was used in this study. It is focused on both health promotion and disease treatment. Caring is at the core of the nursing profession, and patients and their health status must be cared for as a dynamic body and mind unit. The Kidney Disease Health status was adapted and partially modified. The respondents were hemodialysis patients undergoing regular treatment in selected dialysis centers in Makati and a total of 71 respondents participated in the study. Perceived health status was examined in terms of physical, psychological, social, and functional dimensions. Based on the findings, a Health Management Program was created to improve the health status of hemodialysis patients. Overall, a Health Management Program will help promote and improve the health status of hemodialysis patients, since hemodialysis alone does not determine their Health status. Hemodialysis impacts the patient's response. Several factors, including individual features, prior experience, and coping techniques, influence this. Each factor influences health status distinctly. Given the profile results and the extent of the effect on health status among hemodialysis patients, the medical institution must verify the areas that pose challenges for medical staff and personnel in providing quality healthcare to hemodialysis patients. These patients and their caregivers are at-risk groups for developing physical and psychological symptoms. To uplift the healthcare of patients, dialysis staff should encourage them to be as independent as possible. This should be extended to dialysis staff, as their experiences will be one of the bases of patients coping with their kidney disease, for it is concluded that younger patients with CKD have a higher level of physical functioning as compared to the older patients. Furthermore, CKD patients with a higher he…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Perceived Health Status, Hemodialysis, Hemodialysis Patients, Health Management Program, Health status
  topic: keywords
creator: Veronica Verches
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 48
ending page: 66

Cytotoxicity test of Betel extract using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay
type: item
description: Piper betle, recognized for its potential antimicrobial and antifungal properties, presents an intriguing avenue for investigating its efficacy in cancer treatment. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic effects of Piper betle extract utilizing the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA). The results showed that when the concentration of Piper betle extract increased, the survival time of nauplii decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, a dose-response connection was seen in the mortality rate, with greater concentrations translating into higher mortality. Significant variations in cytotoxicity between the Piper betle extract and the negative control were validated by statistical analysis. The finding is evident because it indicates that Piper betle extract has cytotoxic properties, which may have consequences for cancer research. Although more research is necessary to clarify the underlying mechanisms and pinpoint particular bioactive chemicals, the findings emphasize how critical it is to investigate Piper betle's potential for oncology therapy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Piper Betle, Brine Shrimp, Lethality Assay, Mortality
  topic: keywords
creator: Rhiana Joy Manuel
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 43
ending page: 47

Hypoglycemic effects of Salvia officinalis L. Stem Extract in Dexamethasone-Induced Albino Rats
type: item
description: The sage plant (Salvia Officinalis L.) has been reported in previous studies to exhibit hypoglycemic properties. The researcher evaluates the effectiveness of sage plant stem extract in lowering blood sugar level in albino rats induced with dexamethasone, examining numerous dosages and considering its efficacy as a remedy for type II diabetes, using metformin as positive control. The results indicated that sage plant stem extract substantially reduced blood glucose level in dexamethasone-induced albino rats, especially at a 50% dosage, showing constant decreases in each blood sugar levels and heart rates. No observable difference in glucose-lowering trend was noted between 50% stem extract group and metformin-treated rat. However, the 25% concentration did not drastically have an effect on blood sugar levels compared to other doses. Some potential side effects, such as reduced appetite, were observed. These findings recommend that sage plant stem extract ought to offer a promising alternative remedy for type II diabetes, leading to the approval of new medication and the development of pharmaceutical merchandise based on herbal treatments. In conclusion, the studies support the hypoglycemic efficacy of sage plant stem extract, in particular at a 50% dosage. Further therapeutic potential of other parts of Salvia officinalis, including other hematological analysis related to blood sugar increase, like ketone and lipoproteins analysis, is recommended.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Salvia Officinalis L., glucose level, dexamethasone, albino rats, hypoglycemic, metformin.
  topic: keywords
creator: Angelica Marie Delfin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 01
ending page: 05

Teaching effectiveness of Police Instructors on Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE): Basis for Capability Enhancement Action Plan
type: item
description: The descriptive project evaluation research design was used to document the teaching effectiveness of Police instructors on Drug Abuse Resistance Education in selected schools in Cavite Province. The survey questionnaire was distributed to 90 PNP instructors and 70 teachers from selected schools in the province of Cavite using stratified random sampling technique. The basic and inferential statistics were used to interpret and analyze the data gathered. The study revealed that the Effectiveness of Police Instructors Teaching the Drug Abuse Resistance Education to the Elementary Students of Malinta Elementary School and Olivarez College Tagaytay as to the indicators of instructor’s proficiency shows with an average weighted mean of 3.57 identify as highly effective. On the indicators under teaching strategy with an Average weighted mean of 3.49 indicating an interpretation as Effective and on the instructional support the result shows also with an average weighted mean of 3.02 as effective. It also revealed that there is no significance difference on the assessment of the two groups of respondents on the effectiveness of teaching the Drug Abuse Resistance Education, and as to the problems encountered by the instructors, the result revealed that all indicators were rated as serious and the computed overall weighted mean for instructor’s proficiency is 2.64, teaching strategy is 3.84 and instructional support is 3.16 thereby indicating the verbal interpretation of Serious.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Effectiveness, drug abuse resistance education, instructors’ proficiency, teaching strategies & instructional support
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Elvira P. Llantos Dr. Elvira P. Llantos
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 29
ending page: 42

Acaricidal Activity of Lantana Camara Linn (Yellow Sage) Flower Extract Against Rhipicephalus Sanguineus (Dog Tick): Towards Effective Insecticidal Organic Extract
type: item
description: Ticks, particularly Rhipicephalus sanguineus, commonly referred to as the dog tick, pose significant health risks to both animals and humans due to their ability to transmit various infections. As the prevalence of these risks continues to escalate, there is a growing need for environmentally friendly and sustainable solutions. This study delves into the acaricidal potential of Lantana camara Linn, also known as Yellow Sage, against R. sanguineus renowned for its pharmacological properties. The findings shows that Lantana camara (Yellow Sage) extracts exhibited greater efficacy compared to the positive control in repelling R. sanguineus. These results underscore the potential of Yellow Sage as an organic alternative to synthetic acaricides, highlighting the importance of harnessing natural botanical extracts for developing effective tick control strategies. It advocates for environmentally responsible pest management practices. These findings underscore the potential of Yellow Sage as an organic alternative to synthetic acaricides. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of harnessing natural botanical extracts in developing effective tick control strategies, while advocating for environmentally responsible pest management practices. By highlighting the efficacy of Lantana camara Linn. as a valuable resource, this study underscores the significance of exploring botanical solutions in combating health threats posed by ticks. As the world grapples with the growing challenges of tick-borne diseases, the findings of this research provide a promising pathway towards mitigating these risks through environmentally conscious approaches. Exploring both the roots and stems of the Lantana camara plant can yield valuable insights into their diverse properties and compounds. Both parts harbor a plethora of bioactive compounds with potential applications in antimicrobial, antifungal, and acaricidal realms. By investigating the roots and stems comprehensively, researchers can uncov…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acaricidal Activity, Lantara camara Linn., Yellow Sage, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Insecticidal Organic extract, In Vitro, Mortality.
  topic: keywords
creator: Silverio, Nicole,Almoete Silverio, Nicole,Almoete
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 24
ending page: 28

Developing Mobilization Aid and Safety Application (Masa): A Mobile Application for Emergency Delays and Incident Reporting in Manila
type: item
description: The Mobilization Aid and Safety Application (MASA) aims to significantly improve emergency response capabilities in Manila City by addressing critical needs in emergency management through a comprehensive Android mobile application. MASA integrates advanced features, including a dynamic news feed for real-time incident updates, GPS-enabled incident tracking for rapid responder deployment, a secure chat system for seamless communication between users and emergency personnel, and a comprehensive summary feature for aggregating essential information during crises. Central to MASA's efficacy is the implementation of Dijkstra's Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm, which optimizes emergency response times by identifying the most efficient routes for responders. Statistical analysis reveals a significant reduction in response delays (t(98) = 2.56, p < 0.05) when utilizing the SPF algorithm, underscoring MASA's impact on operational efficiency. The Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) assessment indicates high user engagement, satisfaction with aesthetics, and confidence in the quality of information provided, reflecting MASA's effectiveness in supporting decision-making during emergencies. Furthermore, alignment with ISO/IEC 25010 standards affirms MASA's robust performance across critical criteria, including functional suitability, reliability, security, and interoperability. Through innovative technology and adherence to international standards, MASA establishes a new benchmark in urban emergency response, enhancing preparedness, coordination, and community resilience in Manila City. Future studies should explore the integration of MASA with existing emergency services and investigate user training programs to maximize its potential in real - world applications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mobilization Aid; Safety Application; Shortest Path First Algorithm; Emergency Response; Manila
  topic: keywords
creator: Vergara, Rachel J. Vergara, Rachel J.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 16
ending page: 23

Students’ Participation Assessment in the International Coastal Cleanup: Basis for a Sustainable Environmental Program
type: item
description: The International Coastal Cleanup (ICC) is crucial for tackling marine pollution. This study assessed students’ knowledge, skills and awareness gained through participation in the International Coastal Cleanup. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 38 participants. Results showed high knowledge (mean = 4.17) and skills (mean = 3.64), particularly in waste segregation and community engagement. Statistical analysis revealed no significant demographic differences, but organizational affiliation influenced skill development (ANOVA, p < 0.05). These insights contributed to the EcoLeaders Program, highlighting community-based approaches to enhance environmental consciousness among university students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Assessment, Knowledge, Skills, Awareness, Environmental Program
  topic: keywords
creator: Galang, Jasmine Marie C. Galang, Jasmine Marie C.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 PCU Multidisciplinary Research Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 06
ending page: 15